What you need to know for the early detection of certain diseases.
The Italian Ministry of Health advises women who have reached or exceeded the age of 50 to carry out some periodic screenings for the early diagnosis of certain diseases that at this age, statistically, occur more frequently.
For cancer prevention
In fact, already from 25 and up to 64 years the Ministry of Health recommends participating in screening programs for cervical cancer. Participation takes place by adhering to the invitation sent by the ASL of residence. The screening test is the pap-test, to be repeated every three years. A test can also be carried out to identify Papillomavirus infection.
From 50 years up to 69 years it is highly recommended to participate in breast cancer screening programs, through free bilateral mammography to be performed every 2 years.
In the same period of time – and this also applies to men – it is possible to participate in screening programs for colorectal cancer, always carrying out, always through ASL, a fecal occult blood test every 2 years.
To prevent ovarian cancer (most cases occur between the ages of 50 and 70) it is best to undergo an annual gynecological examination, possibly accompanied by transvaginal ultrasound.
Hypertension and cardiovascular disease
Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are among the most common enemies of postmenopausal women, because they represent the most important risk factors for the development of cardio and cerebrovascular diseases, such as heart attack or stroke.
In case of frequent headaches (especially in the morning), dizziness, ringing in the ears, changes in vision, palpitations or recurrent nosebleeds it is best to go to the doctor, who will measure the pressure and, if necessary, order a blood test.
If you experience tightness in your chest, arm pain, and cold sweats, your doctor will also evaluate any cardiological tests.
“Daily” prevention
In addition to periodic examinations and visits, it is necessary, after the age of 50, to check the diet to prevent the onset of diabetes and osteoporosis (especially after menopause) or to keep cholesterol at bay.
For this purpose it is recommended:
- a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and legumes, fish and foods low in animal fats
- reduced consumption of red meats, sausages, cheeses, sweets, sugary drinks
- a limited consumption of salt.
For bone health, the right amount of calcium must not be missing, which is not only contained in milk, but also in water. It is also important to practice physical activity regularly: just walk at least 30 minutes a day, if you can not do sports regularly, or even prefer public transport to your car. Of course, it is also time to stop or at least decrease the consumption of smoking and alcohol.
Do not underestimate the risk of depression, which affects, in Italy, five women out of a hundred, especially in menopause. At the first symptoms you have to leave aside the shame and talk about it immediately with the family doctor.
Finally, pay attention to memory problems or confusion and uncertainties in speaking or writing. If they occur, even in this case it is good to contact your doctor so as not to underestimate the onset of Alzheimer’s or senile dementia.
Joycelyn Elders is the author and creator of EmpowerEssence, a health and wellness blog. Elders is a respected public health advocate and pediatrician dedicated to promoting general health and well-being.
The blog covers a wide range of topics related to health and wellness, with articles organized into several categories.