What is it
Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, that part of the respiratory system that houses the vocal cords and therefore is responsible for emitting sounds and voice.
It can be an acute disorder, typical of the winter season, or become a chronic state if it depends on certain conditions such as the habit of cigarette smoking, the inhalation of irritants or a demanding profession for the voice (singing, acting, teaching, radio and television journalism).
Causes
In most cases, laryngitis originates from infections due to to bacteria or viruses. Sometimes it depends on exposure to dust and vapors pollutants, including cigarette smoke, alcohol abuse and prolonged or incorrect use of the voice.
The causes of laryngitis can vary depending on whether it is acute or chronic:
Acute laryngitis | Chronic laryngitis |
---|---|
Viral or bacterial infection | Evolution of acute untreated laryngitis |
Allergy | Prolonged use of voice |
Inhalation of irritating vapours | Prolonged exposure to the causes of acute laryngitis |
Pollution |
Common symptoms
The main symptoms of laryngitis are hoarseness, lowering of voice (dysphonia), dry and constipated cough, difficulty swallowing, swelling and acute pain in the throat. Sometimes fever also appears.
Symptoms last about 2-3 days, although the cough may persist for a week. It is often accompanied by colds and flu.
Complications
One of the most serious complications is the thickening of the mucous membrane of the larynx which makes it difficult for air to pass through the lungs. As a result, a feeling of suffocation (dyspnea) appears, especially when lying down.
Treatment
If laryngitis is due to a bacterial infection, treatment is treated with antibiotics, drugs that must be prescribed by your doctor. If of viral origin, symptoms should resolve spontaneously within a few days.
To relieve pain, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories can be taken topically (spray or aerosol) or systemically, on the advice of the pharmacist.
Since the water vapor attenuates the inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, it is useful to use a room humidifier or the classic fumigations with eucalyptus balsamic oils.
It also accelerates healing by drinking a lot, wearing a scarf, not smoking and not drinking alcohol.
When to consult your doctor
Especially in young children the doctor should be consulted when the throat pain is very acute so as to prevent feeding and swallowing water. Or if fever persists above 40°C.
Joycelyn Elders is the author and creator of EmpowerEssence, a health and wellness blog. Elders is a respected public health advocate and pediatrician dedicated to promoting general health and well-being.
The blog covers a wide range of topics related to health and wellness, with articles organized into several categories.